Rumah Gadang (House of Traditional Minangkabau, West Sumatra)

Rumah Gadang atau Rumah Godang is the name of Minangkabau traditional house which is the traditional home and many encountered in the province of West Sumatra, Indonesia. This house was also called other names by local people with the name  Rumah Bagonjong or there is also a mention by name  Rumah Baanjung.

The location of a traditional house stretch from west to east, while the numbers of the rooms are 3,5,7,9 & even though 17. The construction is expended up with a horn shape roof. The roof looks like the horn of buffalo with 4 to 6 points stretch along the house and a point in addition forward for the front door and ladder. For the expanding form of the construction, there is no any right angle connection to the pillars with the horizontal bars of the house. Both, the upper and lower horizontal bars of the building.

The inside of the house is divided into 4 parts. They are living quarters along one side of that house, which consist of five or more rooms; another side in front of the rooms is a hall for meeting. In some houses, the meeting hall made with a raised floor as the place for the household in a meeting. At both ends of the house are rooms with a higher floor called 'Anjuang'. The rooms at Anjuang are used only for a special occasion, and usually used by a newly married daughter of the family.

Architecture

This traditional house has a unique form of architecture with pointed roof peak shape that resembles a water buffalo horn and was formerly made ​​of fibers that can hold up to tens of years but later the roof of this house is much changed with tin roofs.

Rumah Gadang is made ​​of a rectangular and divided into two front and rear portion. From the front part of the   Rumah Gadang is usually filled with carved ornament and generally patterned roots, flowers, leaves and field square and a parallelogram. While the outside rear hemisphere coated with bamboo. Traditional houses are supervised from long poles, building a big house made ​​up, but not easily fall by the shock, and every element of the Rumah Gadang has a special meaning is backed by the legend that exists in indigenous and local culture.

In general,   Rumah Gadang has a ladder that lies on the front. Meanwhile, a separate kitchen was built on the back of the house that didempet on the wall.

Engraving

On the walls of   Rumah Gadang is made from board material, while the back of the bamboo material. Wall board is installed vertically, while all the boards into the wall and be given a carved frame, so the whole wall becomes a full engraving. Placement motifs carved depending on the composition and location of the board on the wall of   Rumah Gadang.

Basically, the carvings on  Rumah Gadang is decorative filler field in the form of a circular or square lines. General motive vines, roots leafy, flowering and fruiting. The pattern usually circular root, root berjajaran, cheek by jowl, intertwined and connecting connection. Branch or twig roots have curves outward, inward, upward and downward.

In addition to the root motive, other motives are the motives encountered triangular geometry, four and a parallelogram. Motifs of leaves, flowers or fruit can also carved its own or in berjajaran.

Rumoh Aceh

Aceh had previously been called by the name of Aceh (1959-2001) and Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (2001-2009) is the westernmost province in Indonesia. Aceh has a traditional house that beranama Rumoh Aceh. Rumoh Aceh is the traditional home communities in the province of Aceh Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Architectural building Aceh Rumoh shaped stage with house building reaching a height of 2 and a half to 3 feet from ground level. To reach the entrance of the house,
you can climb a few stairs made of wood. Arriving at the top of the stairs, you can find the entrance to the house that height is only about 120 to 150 centimeters. So, to get into the house, you should head down.

  Before heading Rumoh Aceh's main entrance, you can see a space that is located below the building. Usually, the people of Aceh to make the room as a children's playground and a place to store rice pestle. Once up the stairs and right in front of the entrance to the house, you can find the center of the house which consists of a room the front porch, foyer middle, and back porch.
When I first entered the Rumoh Aceh, you can find a space that looks roomy ie front porch. Usually, this room used as living room, a place to learn to read the holy book the Koran, as well as bedrooms for the boys. When the people of Aceh held a wedding ceremony or for safety, the front hall is usually used as a place for dinner together. Once past the front porch, you came in the living room.
In Rumoh Aceh, living room space is used as the parent or Rumoh Inong. When compared to the other room, the floor space is made relatively higher parent. In the main room there are some pieces that are built facing rooms. Typically, rooms that serve as beds for girls as well as heads of families in rumoh Aceh. If there is a family member in the Aceh Rumoh died, Houses Inong serve as a place to bathe the body.
The last room in Aceh Rumoh the back porch. Some space on the back porch used as a kitchen. Most of the room was used for women in Aceh to create unique fabrics and embroidery Aceh. Directly above the center foyer, you can find space on the relatively small size compared to the living room or basement. By the people of Aceh, the upper room used for storing various household items. Often, the room was used as a place to store items that are considered valuable. 

 To build a Rumoh Aceh, the Acehnese people use wood as a pillar of the house. They use wooden planks to serve as floors and walls, and roofs of sago palm leaf strands. When they wanted to incorporate every part of the house, but they do not use nails or pegs strap from rattan. Although only made of wood, leaf thatched roofs, and contain no nails, Rumoh Aceh are believed to survive and not be subjected to 200 years.
        For the people of Aceh are generally converted to Islam, Rumoh Aceh regarded as a sacred home. So strong was their belief in the sanctity, Rumoh Aceh always built facing west towards a supposedly tailored to their direction when the pilgrimage prayers. The main door of the house which made lower than the size of a normal human being regarded as a symbol, how high the degree or position, each person who entered the house should be looked down and pay homage to the homeowner.
Once entered into the Rumoh Aceh, everyone sat on the floor mat of reeds repose without any difference in status. Not only that, Houses Inong that the homeowner is considered as sacred space and Yahoo also has its own meaning. So strong presumption against the sanctity of their house this Inong, not everyone can get into the room parent or Rumoh Inong. That said, who can get into the house Inong only homeowners themselves.
       

For the people of Aceh, Aceh Rumoh not just a place to live. They make this house as a measure of social status of homeowners. Inside the house belonging to people who are considered famous in Aceh, you can see the carvings typical of Aceh which was taken from the Bible verse of the Qur'an. In addition, you can see the carvings with motifs of leaves, roots, tree trunks, and flowers. In one of the central foyer wall, you can see carvings depicting the moon and stars. More and more ornaments on Rumoh Aceh, is considered the more wealthy residents. As for families who are considered not to have excessive wealth, enough to decorate their homes with simple carvings.

Joglo House

Joglo is a traditional house of Javanese society. Consisting of 2 main sections namely Pendapa and dalem. Pendapa this part is the front that have a large room Joglo without barriers, typically used to receive guests or a playroom where children and family leisure. Part palace is part of a room in the house bedroom, living room and other spaces that are more privacy. The characteristics of the building is on the roof Pendapanya towering like a mountain.
Historically, the development of residential Java people can be categorized into 4 types of traditional houses: Panggangpe shape, Kampung shape, Limasan form Joglo form. Compared to other forms, the house forms known joglo society in general. Houses Joglo mostly owned by those who can afford. Why? Jalarannya home joglo need more material and expensive than other forms of home. Java Community joglo used to think that home should not be owned by any person, by ordinary people, but only allowed for the nobles, kings, and princes, and they are honorable and respectable. But today joglo house also used by all levels of society and also for various other functions, such as conference hall and offices. Basically house joglo berdenah square shape, with four main pillars in the middle of the call pillars, and is used blandar compound which is called intercropping. This rectangular shape in its development changed with the additions of space on the side of the building but remained a unitary form of a rectangular floor plan.
From these changes came the various forms of home joglo by various names, namely: joglo jompongan, joglo kepuhan jokes, joglo ceblokan, joglo kepuhan limolasan, joglo sinom clamp, joglo pengrawit, joglo kepuhan clamp, joglo semar tinandu, joglo sexual intercourse, joglo Wantah clamp, joglo hageng, and joglo mangkurat.
List of Traditional Houses in Indonesia :
1. DI Aceh province / the Aceh Darussalam / NAD Traditional House Traditional: Rumoh aceh
 2. Province of North Sumatra / North Sumatra Traditional House Traditional: Houses hall Toba Batak 
3. West Sumatra Province / West Sumatra Traditional House Traditional: Home gadang 
4. Riau Province Traditional House Traditional: House melayu selaso twin falls
 5. Jambi Province Traditional House Traditional: House stage 
6. South Sumatra Province / South Sumatra Traditional House Traditional: Homes pyramid
 7. Lampung Province Traditional House Traditional: Nuwo astray
 8. Bengkulu Province Traditional House Traditional: Home ridge five 
9. DKI Jakarta Province Traditional House Traditional: Home kebaya
 10. West Java Province / Jabar Traditional House Traditional: Kesepuhan 
11. Central Java Province / Central Java Traditional House Traditional: Home joglo
 12. Province of Yogyakarta / Yogyakarta / Jogjakarta Traditional House Traditional: Home joglo 13. Province of East Java / East Java Traditional House Traditional: Home joglo 
14. Bali Province Traditional House Traditional: The gate of the temple briefly 
15. West Nusa Tenggara Province / NTB Traditional House Traditional: In the workshop Samawa 
16. East Nusa Tenggara Province / NTT Traditional House Traditional: Sao ata Mosa lakitana 17. West Kalimantan Province / Kalbar Traditional House Traditional: Homes long 
18. Central Kalimantan Province / Kalteng Traditional House Traditional: Home betang 
19. South Kalimantan Province / South Kalimantan Traditional House Traditional: Home banjo 20. Province of East Kalimantan / Kalimantan Traditional House Traditional: Home Lamin 
21. North Sulawesi Province / North Sulawesi Traditional House Traditional: House Bolaang Mongondow
22. Central Sulawesi Province / Central Sulawesi Traditional House Traditional: Souraja / mansion
 23. Sulawesi Tenggara / Southeast Sulawesi Traditional House Traditional: Laikas 
24. South Sulawesi Province / South Sulawesi Traditional House Traditional: Tongkonan 
25. Maluku Province Traditional House Traditional: Baileo 
26. Province of Irian Jaya / Papua Traditional House Traditional: Home honai