Mount Rushmore History - USA

Mount Rushmore is a famous mountain in the United States in South Dakota. Mount Rushmore has four greatest presidents heads carved into the United States, namely George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln. Gutzon Borglum1927 and ended in 1941.

Doane Robinson of the South Dakota Historical Society wants a monument to be built in South Dakota in order to help the country's economy by attracting tourism. In 1923, he proposed that the monument should be built of granite in the Black Hills of South Dakota. South Dakota Senator Peter Norbeck, approved the proposal and come from funds federaluntuk helped complete the project. Robinson asked for an architect and sculptor Gutzon Borglum to sculpt and design the monument. Borglum decided to use Mount Rushmore to making sculpture, as it seems This is the easy part to do it.

Gutzon Borglum, after deciding the location of the statue, decided to create this monument consists of four Presidents of the United States. He chose the two most popular president in history, George Washington and Abraham Lincoln. He chose Thomas Jefferson because Jefferson makes the size of the United States nearly doubled with the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 (which became South Dakota). The last President Borglum chose is Theodore Roosevelt, which was proposed by President Calvin Coolidge (who insists there are two Republicans and Democrats represented only one.) because of Theodore Roosevelt who introduced the National Park Service.The original design was Borglum sculpture of four presidents to their waists, but time and money is only provided for their heads.




Construction Period :

Spoiler for President Coolidge at the 1927 dedication:

Spoiler for Before Carving:



Several hundred workers, who usually worked as a miner, a sculptor, or a rock climber, using dynamite, jackhammering, and sculptors to sculpt a model of the mountain. A rope ladder and built permanently to the top of the mountain. Workers are supported by harnesses attached to ropes.
Sculptor Gutzon Borglum Spoiler for:



Iris of the eye is carved as a hole. A granite cube remaining in each eye to represent a reflection that makes the eyes look more realistic.
Spoiler for models in the original on-site studio:



The model used is a 1:12-inch scale, by making the plot without using a computer
Spoiler for Powderman John Johnson:



Construction began on August 10, 1927.
Quote:
George Washington

George Washington's is the first head are made. Due to economic instability United States by the Great Depression, the head was completed in seven years, and is dedicated to the public on Independence Day 1934. A large American flag placed on the head of Washington before it was revealed its meaning, and it later became a tradition for each head of the President.
















Spoiler for Washington figure under construction:

Spoiler for Construction on the George Washington portrait at Mount Rushmore, c. 1932 :

Thomas Jefferson

Thomas Jefferson was the next head, located to the left of Washington. Before the head was finished, Borglum ordered that the head was blown up due to poor quality stone. Chief Jefferson begins again with the right hand of Washington's position. Chief Jefferson dedicated in 1936.



















Spoiler for Washington and Jefferson under construction:



Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's head is more of a challenge because of his beard, but his head has been completed at the right end of the cliff, dedicated on September 17, 1937, at the time of the 150th anniversary of the signing of the Constitution of the United States in 1787.




















Spoiler for Lincoln figure under construction.: 

 
Spoiler for Sculpture Maintenance:

 

Spoiler for View of Washington and Lincoln:

Theodore Roosevelt

While Theodore Roosevelt's head is being built, accommodation for tourists was also built, including plumbing, lighting, and a visitor center. Because not find a suitable stone, the sculptor further cut into, to the mountain. This raises concerns about how much they cut. On July 2, 1939, head of Roosevelt dedicated.


















Spoiler for Theodore Roosevelt Construction:

 

Hall of Records

Spoiler for Aerial View:

Due to an unexpected vulnerability in granite, Lincoln and Jefferson moved from the location of the original design of Borglum. Lincoln Borglum was moved to a place that had planned to include 80 to 100 feet of the inscriptions in the form of the Louisiana Purchase.
To change the inscription, Borglum replace the monument with a similar proportion: Hall of Records [Halls of Records]. Archives Hall consists of a large entrance with a size 80 to 100 feet. granite dome carved directly into the small hole in the back of the head of Lincoln. Borglum made 800 granite steps of the studio up to the entrance of the Hall.

In 1938 Borglum and his crew began to carve this great hall, where he imagined that the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States original stored here. But the combination of hard granite, the occurrence of war in Europe, and the lack of funding makes Borglum dream vanished, although his plans became more complicated when his team rushed to finish this job. When they reached as deep as 70 feet into the granite, Borglum died in March 1941. The monument is considered complete and all the work was closed on October 31 that same year. Although the children Borglum tried for years to memnyelesaikan last dream of their father, it was not until 1998 that the National Park System, together with Borglum's Family, putting "final touches" on the Hall of Records. A titanium metal cabinets mounted on the granite floor of the unfinished hall, and filled with sixteen porcelain enamel panels which include the Constitution of the United States and other important historical documents. Archives Hall entrance can be seen from the west of the monument.

 

     

Kacapi Suling Instrument History

Kacapi is a Sundanese musical instrument that is played as the main instrument in the Sunda or Mamaos Tembang Kacapi Cianjuran and flute.Kacapi in Sundanese word also refers to the plant Sentul, who believed the wood used to make musical instruments Kacapi.

Kacapi waditra Sundanese flute is a device found in almost every region in Tatar Sunda. Waditranya consists of Kacapi and Flute. Kacapinya consists of Kacapi Goon or Kacapi Kacapi Parahu or bun. In addition to instrumental presented, Kacapi Flute can also be used to accompany the chanting Interpreter Sekar Sekar Anggana songs or Rampak Sekar. The song is in sajikannya include: sinom Degung, Kaleon, Talutur and so forth. The barrel in the barrel Salendro pergunakannya, pelog or Sorog.

In contrast with the title Kacapi Flute or Kacapian when using Kacapi Siter. It is not unusual except Kacapi Siter and moreover the flute at 1 (satay) set Kendang and 1 (one) set of Goong. That in the same barrel as the barrel pergunakannya commonly in use show that use Kacapi Flute Kacapi Parahu namely "barrel Salendro, pelog, Sorog. Lyre lyre Siter Flute that use, in addition to presenting instrumental also in use to accompany singing (kawih) both Anggana Sekar or through Rampak Sekar.The songs are presented in Anggana Sekar is like: Malati on Mount Guntur, Sagagang Kembang Ros and others. As for Rampak Sekar among Seuneu Bandung, Weak Cai and others.

In the development that uses both Kacapi Flute and Kacapi Parahu Kacapi Sitter, often used to accompany the show Ngaras Narration Sunda and Sunda Panganten Siraman, Siraman Slave Circumcision, Siraman Tingkeban.

Besides instrumental also presented rumpakanya songs tailored to the needs of the event will be carried on. The song is presented taken from Sundanese songs Tembang Candrawulan As such, Jemplang Coral, Kapati-starch or Kaleon and so forth. Some are taking the songs or songs kawih Panambih on Sunda Tembang like them Senggot Pangemat, Pupunden Ati and so forth.

In addition to the lyre and the flute there is also the violin and lyre lyre Rebab that brought the songs the same. In the presentation, the framework of lute playing rhythm while the song played by flute, violin or Rebab. The scales or the barrel of the Sunda Karawitan called with Surupan, some are on call with Salendro, pelog and Sorog.

French Cultural Dance

French are by nature very fond of music and dance, and are credited to invent several of world-famous dances. France is known to invent Ballet dances way back in 1581. The French king Louis XIV passion for dances led to the establishment of the Académie Royale de Danse, which contributed significantly to development of new dance style and technique in the late 17th and early 18th century Europe. Ballroom and square dances also grew in popularity in France during this period. 

France has a very rich and varied dance tradition and almost every region of France has its own distinct forms of music and dances. Traditional folk dances and music are well preserved in several relatively isolated regions in the south France.

If you've some basic knowledge of French art and music, you must be familiar with some of the basic dance forms, such as Waltz, Polka, Mazurka, Marche, Scottish, Rondeau and the Bourree. Carols and Baroque dances are other popular traditional dances in France.

Carols are simple chain dances in which a linked line of dancers moved forwards, walking, running or skipping to their own singing. Other popular traditional dance types in France include Canarie, Forlane, Gavotte, Gigue, Menuet and Sarabande.

Cultural Music of France

French music history dates back to organum in the 10th century, followed by the Notre Dame School, an organum composition style. Troubadour songs of chivalry and courtly love were composed in the Occitan language between the 10th and 13th centuries, and the Trouvère poet-composers flourished in Northern France during this period. By the end of the 12th century, a form of song called the motet arose, accompanied by traveling musicians called jongleurs. In the 14th century, France produced two notable styles of music, Ars Nova and Ars Subtilior. During the Renaissance, Burgundy became a major center for musical development. This was followed by the rise of chansons and the Burgundian School. France is a very musical country.

France has been an important cultural center of Europe, and the country has signifcantly contributed to the developemnt of European music and cinema. The earliest French influence on Western music is found in the plainsong of the Christian Church of the 8th to 10th century AD. French music dominated the art and music in Europe during the Middle Ages, contributed greatly in the development of European music in all its forms. France has produced several legendary composers in the field of classical music including famous pianist and composer Maurice Ravel, Claude Debussy and Hector Berlioz.

French has also contributed a lot to the development of modern western music, including jazz music. The French contribution to jazz music includes the work of Gypsy guitarist Django Reinhardt, and his partner, the violinist Stephane Grappelli. Jazz is still extremely popular in France.

French are very fond of music and dance, and as a result a wide range of music is popular in the country. Although half of all music albums bought in France are from British or American bands, the French also have their own original French songs.

Music of France is also greatly influenced by the styles brought by immigrants from Africa, Latin America and Asia. Algerian music rai found a large French audience, and an Algerian singer- Khaled's album shot to the top of the French charts in 1992. Modern western pop music has influenced the music in France in a significant way, and the country has seen the rise of popular French rock, hip-hop, and pop performers. A new generation of popular music in France combines sounds of Africa, the Caribbean, and Latin America. Among popular contemporary composers in France include the names of Olivier Messiaen (1908-92) and Pierre Boulez (1925-).

Famous classical musicians in France
 
1.  Hector Berlioz

Hector Berlioz was born in Lyons in Isère, France in 1903. His father was a doctor, and he also started medical studies on the orders of his father. But in 1824 Hector quit medical school and become a musician. In 1826 he entered the Conservatory in Paris as a student. Hector did not come from wealthy families, so he financed his life by writing, singing and teaching. It was then that he had started writing music. Hamlet one of Shakespeare's plays to be one contributing factor Hector likes music. Not just make it like music, but also make him fall in love with Harriet Smithson, who played Ophelia, kecintaanya on those two things play a big role in writing the Symphonie Fantastique, which until today still become one of the best works of Berlioz.

Since successful with his first show in 1839, Berlioz name became famous throughout Europe. Travel Europe continued for several years, and Berlioz continued to write new works. One of the famous works emerged from this period - La Damnation de Faust - who followed the story of Goethe's Faust. He also wrote an opera, The Trojans. Berlioz was one of the best classical musicians of France, because he has succeeded in giving a new color with the music that represents the romantic ideal of nature.
Berlioz is a composer who never gave up, though at first rejected the French society, he remained at work, and now his music an inspiration to other musicians.
Best works of Hector Berlioz
A Symphony Fantastique
A Roman Carnival
J Damnation de Faust
A Requiem, Grande Masse des Morts

2. Georges Bizet

Born in Paris, Georges Bizet was a musical prodigy, he entered the Paris Conservatoire just before his birthday is the 10th. In 1857 he won the Prix de Rome, so he got a scholarship to study in Rome for three years. Apart from the time he passed his entire life in Paris. After returning from Rome, he wrote several operas, including The Pearl Fishers, and the First Symphony. Apart from being a composer, Bizet was a skilled pianist. Carmen is one of the best works of Bizet. Carmen describes the jealousy, passion and sexuality, which is great, and still very popular until entering the 21st century. Carmen got a lot of praise from musicians from that era such as Tchaikovsky and Debussy. But the success of Carmen only briefly felt by Bizet, because he died a few months after his first performance.

Best works of Georges Bizet
Carmen J






 

3. Achille-Claude Debussy

A French composer. His music is considered as a transition from the Romanesque era music to modern music at the beginning of the 20th century. He has wrestled with music since the age of seven years with the piano. At the age of ten, he entered the Paris Conservatoire to continue their education - he then left his plans to become a pianist and focused more on making music. He won the Prix de Rome in 1884. In 1894 Debussy successful completion of an orchestra that is, Prelude à 'L'Après-midi d'un faune (Prelude to the Afternoon of a Fawn). 

In this orchestral works of Debussy really highlight impresionisnya side. This style tends to illustrate the subject in music, he can make music that gently but In 1900 he completed the Debussy Nocturnes, in 1902 the only opera he created was a successful opera Pelléas et Mélisande, and the opera that managed to bring his name increasingly uphill. La Mer his work is completed in 1905, a very impressionistic music, with beautiful music and descriptive. Claude Debussy is a French composer who influenced the styles of world music, her style in music influenced composers even after his time.
Best Works by Debussy
A Prelude à 'L'Après-midi d'un Faune
J Claire de Lune
J Nocturnes
A Pelléas et Mélisande
A La Mer
 
4. Maurice Ravel

Maurice Ravel was born in Ciboure, south of Biarritz in the south west corner of France, in 1875. When he was young his family moved to Paris, though Ravel was to return to Ciboure in the future. He began piano lessons at age seven, and arrange short pieces at the age of 12 or 13. Her parents, though not a musician but encourage him to make music and he studied at the Conservatory of Paris. He was greatly influenced by Liszt in piano playing.

As a diversion from his studies with Ravel fall a group of artists and musicians to 'live it' is called Apache. Tiras stay at the Conservatory for 14 years is remarkable, by Faure as a teacher. While at the Conservatory he came in often, but never won, the competition for the Prix de Rome - the last time for the bitter controversy.

Ravel was to became known as 'impressionist' musicians, along with Claude Debussy. But music is also very structured in the form - Stravinsky called it "the Swiss watchmaker."
One of the early work Ravels, is the opera Daphnis et Chloé. Three years in the making, and many travel disputes about choregraphy and complexity, this opera is now regarded as Ravel's masterpiece.
Bolero turned his hand to many piano works, operas, orchestral music, chamber music and songs in the following years, with works by then become less frequent and without tone.

During the first world war and he became a truck driver, he continued to write and play, especially around Paris. But in 1920 he left Paris and made music, with whom he has never had a close relationship (dating back to the dispute about why he did not win the Prix de Rome in 1915), to return to the French countryside. In 1928 she was around America, received a standing ovation in New York - in contrast with previous reception in Paris.

The last piece of music I have to mention specifically is Pavane pour une Infante défunte, a piece of piano music written in 1899 and then arranged in 1910. This is the orchestra version is more widely played today. Just a short music enough, but designing with beautiful and wonderful to be heard.
In the years since 1932, after a car accident to poor health, he was far less productive. Surgery to improve health is a failure and he died, in 1937.
The best works of Ravel
A bolero
A Daphne et Chloé
Pavane pour une Infante J défunte
 
5. Lili Boulanger

Lili Boulanger was born into a musical family - her sister, Nadia Boulanger in the household described how they "Everybody played music. Music is the beginning and middle part of our existence." My mother and grandmother was a singer, musician brother, and his father, who recognized composer.
Lili His father died when she was only six years old, and Nadia believes that this material plays an important role in Lili desire to express themselves through music by becoming a composer.
By the time he was 16 years old, Lili had told his family he wanted to become a composer, an unusual choice for a young woman, even in the Boulanger family. By the time he began to study the composition of Lili Boulanger was in fact already written several compositions - mostly sacred works, and piano

His enthusiasm continued in 1910 when the lesson began, and made rapid progress, with lessons every day, including weekends. Two years later he managed to gain admission to the Academy of Music, where he studied composition until 1913.

This was followed by Cantata, Cantata in Faust et Hélène, who won an important prize, the Prix de Rome, in 1913 and received five years of international scholarships and international fame. Lili Boulanger soon sign contracts that include fixed annual salary, and the publication of his works. Unfortunately, just after arriving in Rome in March 1914, war broke out in August of that year. Lili then become too involved in charity work, with his brother, to find much time to prepare.

Lili health was never very good, and in 1916 he was told that he only had two years left to live. Lili demotivating Instead, this period is one huge creativity when he rushed to finish the work that he has started, including an opera La Princesse Maleine. Each period is filled with health improvements in a hurry to work, and when it is not likely he will dictate the music for Nadia.

In 1917 his health is very bad, and dictating the latter work, Pie Jesu, to Nadia. He died in March 1918 at age 24, without ever completing the opera.

The best works of Lili Boulange
J The Cantata 'Faust et Hélène
J D'un soir Triste

Kecak Dance History - Bali

Kecak Dance is a typical Balinese performing arts that was created in the 1930s and played mainly by men. This dance is performed by many (tens or more) male dancers who sat lined up in a circle and with a certain rhythm called "cak" and raised both arms, depicts the story of Ramayana when Rama's line of apes help fight Ravana. However, Kecak Sanghyang comes from the ritual, namely the tradition of dancing the dancers will be in unconscious condition, to communicate with God or the spirits of the ancestors and then convey its expectations to the public.

The dancers in the circle is wearing a plaid cloth like a chessboard their waist. Besides the dancers, there are also other dancers who portray the characters of Ramayana as Rhama, Shinta, Ravana, Hanuman, and Sugriwa.

Kecak dance songs taken from the ritual dances Sanghyang. Also, do not use musical instruments. Only used kincringan worn on the feet of dancers who portray the characters of Ramayana.

Tourists who are interested in watching Kecak can choose one of three locations the show, among other Luhur Pura Uluwatu, at the Village Batubulan, and Hanuman Road.
 
Kecak Dance Privileges :
 
Unlike other types of performing arts of Bali, Kecak Dance is unique because it does not rely on musical instrument to accompany the dance, but a chorus of dancers. The rhythm of sound "cak, cak, cak ..." arranged in such a way so as to produce an alloy that is very harmonious, interspersed with a few accents and other utterances. The dancers who rang the sound "cak, cak, cak ..." are usually bare-chested and wearing only cloth checkered like a chessboard that encircled their waists. While the figures of Rama, Sinta, Ravana, Hanuman, as well as general Sugriwa wear on the show ketoprak.

In this dance, rhythmic sounds spoken by the dancers bring an aura of mystical enough for the audience. Especially after the Ramayana story in this dance is complete staged, joined by dance performances and Sanghyang Jaran Sanghyang Dedari which the dancers believed to be possessed by spirits, which are immune when dancing in the embers of the fire. 

This dance is a dance to ward off evil spirits are staged by two girls who were virgins. While Sanghyang Jaran is a dance performed by men who possessed pranced like a horse's behavior and dancing in the embers of the fire. Because the hallmark of this Jaran Sanghyang Dance, Kecak Dance is also known as Kecak and Fire Dance (Kecak and Fire Dance). The final performances of this kind of bonus that can invite click amazed the audience. After the show, spectators are also welcome to take pictures with the dancers.
Kecak Dance Bali has continued to experience changes and developments since the 1970's. Progress can be seen is in terms of story and staging. In terms of story for staging not only based on the one part of the Ramayana but also other parts of the story from the Ramayana.
   
Then in terms of staging also began experiencing growth not only found in one place like the village of Bona, Gianyar but also other villages in Bali started to develop so that the Kecak dance in Bali there are dozens kecak group whose members are usually members of the banjo. Activities activities such as Kecak dance festivals are also often held in Bali either by governments or even by the art school in Bali. And the largest number of dancers who had performed the Kecak dance was recorded in 1979 which involved 500 people dancing. At that time kecak staged by taking the story from the Mahabharata. But the record is broken by the Government of Tabanan regency which organizes Colossal Kecak dancers to 5000 on 29 September 2006, at Tanah Lot, Tabanan, Bali.

Balinese Kecak Dance is the creation of a famous Balinese dancer, I Wayan Limbak, and a German painter, Walter Spies, the 1930's. At first, these two artists fascinated by the ritual dance in which the dancers danced Sanghyang in spirit possessed conditions (trance). Sanghyang ritual itself is a Balinese ritual derived from pre-Hindu tradition in order to resist the plague. This ritual was later adopted by I Wayan Limbak and Walter Spies became a performing arts to the public for display in various countries in Europe under the Kecak Dance.
Kecak Dance is played by a number of dancers (mostly men), between 50 to 150 people, with a duration of between 45-60 minutes. This dance compose vocal instrument of the dancers (a Cappella) with sound "cak, cak, cak ..." as he raised both arms to accompany the Ramayana epic story that became the main story in this dance. Therefore the spoken chorus dancers are considered similar to a monkey sound, then the foreign tourists often refer to this dance as "Mongkey Dance".
Snippet epic Ramayana is the source of the story is the story of abduction Dewi Sinta (Rama's wife) by King Ravana from Lanka country. In this dance described how Rama fought to free her lover, Dewi Sinta, who was kidnapped and taken away by Ravana. The story is getting exciting because the struggle of the Rama was assisted by Hanuman (the White Ape) and Sugriwa. In addition to enacting the epic story Ramayana, the Kecak Dance Dance also features Sanghyang Dedari and Sanghyang Jaran as closing the show. That is the uniqueness of Balinese Kecak dance.

Cirebon Mask Dance History

Cirebon mask dance, this art is original art Cirebon area, including Indramayu and Jatibarang. Cirebon mask dance is one of the dances in the Tatar Parahyangan. Called the mask dance, because the dancers use masks when dancing. As a result of cultural, Mask Dance has entertainment value that contains a message - hidden messages, because the elements - the elements contained in it has a symbolic meaning which, when translated very touching various aspects of life, so too has the value of education. Variations may include aspects of human life such as personality, wisdom, leadership, love and even anger and describes the journey of human life from birth until adulthood.

At Sunan Gunung Jati reign as head of Islam in Cirebon, then came the attempt to undermine the power of Cirebon in West Java. People of the culprit is Prince Welang from Falkirk area. This figure was very powerful and has a heritage of a sword named Curug Sewu. Cirebon ruler and his supporters and no one can match the magic Prince Welang. in critical condition it was decided that separately deal with an enemy that must be faced with such magic arts of diplomacy. After a mutually agreed upon between Sunan Gunung Jati, Sunan Kalijaga Prince Cakrabuana and art team is formed with a very beautiful dancer of Nyi Mas Gandasari provided dancers wear mask / mask.

Begin this team performing arts into every place as usual now called ngamen. arts team in a short time has become so famous stinky Prince was curious and interested to watch it. After the prince stinky witnessed permissibility of the dancer, he also instantly fall in love, Nyi Mas Gandasari even pretend - pretending to welcome his love and in stinky Prince When applying the proposed Nyi Mas Gandasari requested by Sword Curug Sewu. Prince stinky blurted heirloom handed sword, along with it then lost all the magic Prince stinky.

In the weak state of helpless limp Prince stinky total surrender to the dancer Nyi Mas gandasari and begged forgiveness of Sunan Gunung Jati so as not to be killed. Sunan Gunung Jati pardon on condition that must be converted to Islam. Once converted to Islam Prince stinky made official tax collector and he changed the name to Prince Graksan. While the followers of Prince stinky who do not embrace Islam but want to live in Cirebon, Sunan Gunung Jati by ordered to guard the palace - palace of Cirebon and surrounding areas.
(This story is taken from the book Babad Cirebon branch overall status and ever staged by smacking Marionette Puppet show by puppeteer Aliwijaya in Kacirebonan Keraton Cirebon).

Seeing the success of the mission of art mask can be used as an antidote to the attack of forces - the forces of evil then the ruler of Cirebon arts apply this mask to meruat suati areas that are considered haunted. And it goes art masks are still used in the village - the village for visitors ceremony, nadran, alms and other earth - other.

Once a community receives meruat tradition that, in addition there should also be leather puppet show featuring dance mask, then grow suburlah dancer - dancer in Cirebon mask. But the first - first dance mask dance is mostly the skin before puppeteer puppet stage, at noon the puppeteer must dance mask first. Therefore, the wayang kulit puppet masters who were born before the year 1930 diwajubkan to explore dance mask first before becoming a puppeteer skin. In relation to the palace always involve the arts to the media propaganda in the spread of Islam, and the palace gave the name Ki Ngabei to artists who also preach.

Cirebon mask dance art run by religious proselytizing side footing to explore ordinances of Islam in Cirebon that has 4 (four) levels is commonly called: Sareat, Order, The nature and Ma'ripat.

Broadly speaking Cirebon mask dance is composed of :
1. Dance that is a giant (Danawa)
2. Dance that is krodan (stout) for example: Ravana, Kangsa
3. Dance Tumenggungan
4. Tari Panji

From the fourth mask dance tradition can be developed, which has its own distinctive like :
1. Panji Dance
2. Samba Dance
3. Tumenggung Dance
4. Rumyang Dance
5. Kelana / Ravana Dance
6. Jingga Anom Dance
7. Pentul Dance
8. Tembem Dance

However, hitherto known is the Dance Panji, Samba Dance, Dance Tumenggung, Dance and Dance Rumyang Kelana / Ravana.

Mask Dance is actually a philosophy describes the disposition of human life.

Dance Panji : describes a holy man like a King, a wise leader, fair and wise and always doing good deeds. 

 

Samba Dance : describes the glitter of worldly, possessions, women, bermewah - luxurious, glamorous. Therefore, this dance look lively and rich in movement and rhyth

Tumenggung Dance : is a picture of the soldier's life attitude and valiant heroism. full dedication, loyalty and high responsibility.

Kelana / Ravana Dance : describe anger, human nature is greedy and justifies any means to achieve his personal ambitions. But he also was the leader of a wealthy, have a tough worldly.

Rumyang is one of the characters in the mask of Cirebon, West Java. Until the early 1970s this dance is rarelya one dancing alone ,he is a continuation or replacement of dance Pamindo ,and therefore in the area commonly referred Pamindo Indramayu Abang , knowing the color of his face is usually red . In some areas, dance Rumyang ahir shown almost at the show, after the dance mask Klana. But now the general Rumyang mask as a separate dance, accompanied by song which is also called Rumyang. Dance lively, lanyap or "flirty," like dance Pamindo. Plain without hair mask as a mask Panji only a more cheerful expression.

Seeing the mask dance tradition, our observations can not be separated with equipment that is used as mentioned below :

    1. Mask / masks made ​​of wood and how to wear it with a biting rubber pads on the inside of her.
    2. Sobra as headgear equipped with jamangan and two sumping.
    3. Sleeved shirt.
    4. Tie which is equipped with a pin Ukon (ancient currency)
    5. Mongkron lokoan made ​​of batik.
    6. Stagen belt equipped Badong.
    7. Limited pants below the knee.
    8. Sampur / shawl
    9. Bracelet hand
   10. Kris
   11. White knee socks
   12. Batik fabrics
   13. Sometimes - sometimes equipped with boro (epek)

In addition to the above completeness clothes sometimes - Mask Dance Tumenggung occasionally to use additional form of ikat cloth headgear and is equipped with a cap and glasses.

Gamelan accompaniment barreled slendro or prawa usually consisting of :

    1. One pangkon bonang
    2. One pangkon saron
    3. One pangkon titil
    4. One pangkon kenong
    5. One pangkon jengglong
    6. One pangkon tap
    7. One pangkon klenang
    8. Two kemanak
    9. Three gong (kiwul, Sabet and telon)
   10. A set kecrek
   11. Drum set consisting of: kempyang, gendung, ketiping. Everything is played with a bat, except for the   Mask Dance Tumenngung ordinary drum that is played in slap / hit with a hand.

Song - songs that accompany are :

     * Kembangsungsang to Panji Mask
     * Kembangkapas to Mask Pemindo
     * Rumyang to Mask Rumyang
     * Tumenggung to Mask Tumenggung
     * Barlen to Mask Jinggaanom
     * Gonjing to Kelana Mask